Howard Johnson's original sign in Charlotte, North Carolina Howard Johnson's, or Howard Johnson, is an American chain of hotels, motels and restaurants located primarily throughout the United States and Canada. Founded by Howard Johnson, it was the largest restaurant chain in the U.S. throughout the 1960s and 1970s. History The Howard Johnson's restaurant chain began as the small Massachusetts-based ice cream company of the same name created by Howard Deering Johnson in 1925, although the first actual restaurant did not open until the mid-1920s. By the time the first hotel opened in Savin Rock, Connecticut, in 1954, Howard Johnson alone had opened over 200 restaurants from Maine to Florida. The company adopted the Howard Johnson's Lodging brand for its hotels and other properties, but for geographical reasons, it operated dozens of franchised and company-owned motels and motor lodges in the Midwestern and Southern United States as "Howard Johnson Motor Lodges" and "Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge". The motor lodges were sometimes colloquially called "HoJo's" because they offered larger-than-average motel rooms with the distinctively pitched, sloped-roof architecture style. In 1961, Howard Johnson operated 1,000 restaurants in the United States and Canada and 414 motor lodges or motor hotels in the United States, and was the largest restaurant chain in the country. Johnson had agreements with various companies to franchise his name andOrange Cup logo. The most important agreement was with the large hospitality company named Sterling Services, Inc. This agreement, which lasted for nearly 50 years, allowed the company to franchise and manage multiple properties under the Howard Johnson's brand. Sterling Services was formed in 1958 and owned by John Dekle and Marvin Bower. Dekle was the former president of Howard Johnson's, while Bower was formerly a partner at the prominent Wall Street law firm of White & Case. Over the years, several other hotel companies operated Howard Johnson's-branded hotels. While most of the hotels were Sterling-branded, a few were franchises of other companies such as Ramada, Inc. and Holiday Inn. Most of them were subsequently renamed as other brands when their agreements expired. Decline By the late 1970s, the chain had lost much of its popularity. The chain's original restaurants and motor lodges had become outdated, and younger customers considered Howard Johnson's restaurants to be old-fashioned. The franchise agreement with Sterling Services also effectively prevented the chain from renovating its properties, forcing it to lose market share to newer competitors such as McDonald's, Wendy's, and Denny's. Howard Johnson's also failed to keep up with changes in the restaurant industry, such as the introduction of larger restaurants and Salads and Health Foods sections. In 1985, Imperial Holdings, Inc. purchased the Howard Johnson's chain, with the intention of modernizing it. However, the company was unable to turn its fortunes around, and in October 1988, it filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. In 1989, Imperial Holdings sold the chain to the Marriott Corporation and Royal Host (now known as Choice Hotels International). Present Listing of the Howard Johnson brand name in Choice Hotels International. Howard Johnson's motor lodges were rebranded as Travelodge in 1989, while the restaurants were sold to the Marriott Corporation who rebranded them as "Jolly" restaurants. The remaining Howard Johnson hotels were allowed to continue trading under their existing name, but only a handful still do so. Of the original Howard Johnson's restaurants and other establishments, only a few still exist. In 2015, the National Trust for Historic Preservation designated the original Howard Johnson's restaurant in Wollaston, Massachusetts, as a National Treasure. There are currently a few dozen Howard Johnson restaurants and motels in operation throughout North America, although only a handful operate under their names. A few independent properties, such as one in Bourne, Massachusetts, maintain their owned independent Howard Johnson's branding and serve original Howard Johnson menu items, most of them—including the flagship restaurant in Lake George, New York—however, no longer use the original name. Internationally, a number of companies operate under the Howard Johnson's name, including various hotels and restaurants in Pakistan, India, Mexico, China, and Peru. Many of these properties are not managed by or related to the former American chain. In 2003, the name and associated Orange Cup logo was used to open the first Howard Johnson's Express Inn in Europe. It was located in Cork, Ireland, until it closed in 2012. In 2015, Choice Hotels International, which used to manage some Howard Johnson's properties under its Comfort Inn brand, reintroduced the Howard Johnson brand name. See also * Howard Johnson's Plaza Hotel * Howard Johnson by Wyndham Category:Hospitality
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